1. Replenish: To fill or make something full again. In the context of the passage, it refers to refilling the Pentagon’s weapons stockpile.

2. Bureaucratic: Related to the administration and organization of a government or large institution, often characterized by complex procedures and regulations.

3. Conscription: Compulsory enrollment of individuals into the armed forces, typically for military service.

4. Sanction: Official measures taken against a country, such as trade restrictions or penalties, in response to certain actions or policies.

5. Blockchain: A digital ledger or database technology used to record transactions securely and transparently.

6. Coping Mechanisms: Strategies or methods people use to deal with stress, trauma, or difficult situations.

7. Humanitarian: Concerned with or seeking to promote human welfare and alleviate suffering, especially in times of crisis.

8. Verifiable: Capable of being proven or confirmed as true, accurate, or genuine.

9. Psychosocial: Pertaining to both psychological and social aspects, often used in the context of mental health and well-being.

10. Sovereignty: Supreme authority or power to govern oneself, often used in the context of a nation’s independence and self-rule.

11. Adjunct: A person who is employed on a temporary or part-time basis, often in an additional or supportive role.

12. Traceability: The ability to trace or track the origin, history, or movement of something, often used in supply chains or product certification.

13. Conflict-Afflicted: Areas or regions affected by ongoing armed conflicts or disputes.

14. Epic Mismanagement: Severe and widespread mishandling or misadministration, often on a grand scale.

15. Sticker Shock: The surprise or shock experienced when someone sees a high price or cost for something unexpected.

16. Host Communities: Communities that provide shelter and support to refugees or displaced people.

17. Delegation: A group of people representing a larger organization or government in discussions or negotiations.

18. Coup: A sudden and often violent overthrow of a government, typically by a military group or faction.

19. Invasion: A military action involving the entry of armed forces into another country’s territory.

20. Civic Society: Organizations and institutions within a society that operate independently of the government and focus on social and civic issues.

Um, coming up on the showtoday, president Biden builds a wall.Wall construction is raising questions because thepresident condemned wall spending while campaigning.Plus, an update from thePentagon on funding for Ukraine.There’s $1.6 billion left to replenish the Pentagon’sweapons stockpile and no money left to provideUkraine with long term security needs.And later, more than 100,000 Russians, mostlyyoung people, have fled to Armenia toavoid military service in Ukraine and PresidentVladimir Putin’s repressive policies.VOA is there.Today is Friday, October 6.And this is VOA’s.International edition.In Washington, I’m Steve Carrish.A conversation with our immigration reportercoming up in a few minutes.But first, President Joe Biden is defending his administration’s moveto use Trump era funds to build roughly 20 moremiles of a wall along the southern border.This after he promised he wouldn’t addto the wall during the campaign.Sagar Megani reports the Biden administration waived 26 federallaws in South Texas to allow the construction withfunds approved in 2019 before he became president.They have to use money for what it was appropriate.I can’t stop that.The President says he askedCongress to redirect the money. They didn’t.They wouldn’t.Asked if he thinks walls work. No.Still waiving federal laws for wallconstruction is raising questions because thepresident condemned wall spending while campaigning.Mexico’s president calls the Biden moveto allow wall construction a setback.Sagar magani Washington and helping usmake sense of the immigration issueis VOA’s immigration reporter Alini Baros.The federal government is under a lot of pressure.Republicans in the House want to spend moneysecuring the border and not helping Ukraine.Two Democrats, the mayor of New YorkCity and the governor of Illinois, arereally fighting the Biden administration hard.So is there a problem?If there is, what is it?And are we really seeing higher than normallevels of people trying to cross the border,or are these just political talking points?I wouldn’t say that we’reseeing higher than normal levels.I will say that we’re still dealingwith pandemic consequences and we’re dealing withthe biggest migration exotus that we’ve everseen in the Western Hemisphere with Venezuelan.We have about more than 7million people that have left Venezuelan.But I will say that the administration hastried to put in place guidelines to makesure people do not come to the border.The problem is that it becomes bureaucratic, right?People want faster and they want quick resultsbecause they’re trying to leave their country.They are trying to get a joband they are trying to move on.And sometimes, especially with immigration, when yougetting through documentation and vetting, it’s notas fast as people wish.Now, the big news on Thursday is President Biden’sreversing course and is using executive action to finishbuilding or continue building the border wall that hispredecessor, Donald Trump, set into motion and that Bidenwas firmly against during the campaign.So can you tell us what’s happening there?Why his complete 180?So what the DHS secretary, Alejandro Mayorkas, whathe said today was that this is nota new administration, new policy in the administration.This is funds.We have funds from fiscal year 2019 that had beenalready appropriated and they couldn’t do anything about it.It was not rescinded.So they had to use the money, thefunds that were appropriated for this construction.Now, there has been lots of criticism fromespecially immigrant rights group saying that this isnot something that it was promised.This is a broken promise.So I’m wondering what else the government, the administrationis going to do in the next day, becausepeople are really talking about that, saying calling theBiden administration, calling President Biden, calling him out andsaying that he just broke his promise even thoughhe said that he does not believe that borderwall work and that he told reporters today thatknow that border walls, they do not work.So we’ll see what else is going to happen.And it seems like one of the other people criticizingBiden for this decision is the president of Mexico.Obrador.He said this is a step no, no.He said this is a step backwards.But he also said something thathe understands the pressure, which Ithought it was interesting he’s criticizing.And at the same time he’s saying,I understand that these are strong pressures.There is a delegation ofBiden cabinet officials in Mexico.Now, I would presume thisis what they’re talking about.They could be talking about that.They can also be talking about whatother guidelines they can do to slowdown migration, what else Mexico can do.And there’s another thing happening in Mexico.The Mexican Supreme Court is actually there’s a casethat is talking about dealing with the remaining Mexicopolicy that was under the Trump administration.We don’t know what’s going to happen with that case.But if the judges in the Mexican Supreme Court saythat the Mexican government cannot accept other foreigners or othercitizens who are not Mexicans, I’m wondering what’s going tohappen, because people will not be able to just stayin Mexico, right, and wait there.They have to be sent to their so, again, there’sa lot of uncertainties in immigration because you’re dealing withthe United States of America and Mexico and then othercountries and then other people coming to Mexico.So there’s a lot of moving parts.And the way officials respond, it depends onwhat’s happening at the border at that week,at that month, at that day.Well, it’s no doubt acomplicated and evolving situation.Alini, I look forward to talking to youin the future as the situation changes.Alini Barris covers immigration forthe Voice of America.Alini, thanks for your reporting on this.Thanks for your analysis tonight. Thank you.And thanks for having me.And here are some other storieswe’re following from around the world.On Thursday, a Russian attack on avillage in northeastern Ukraine killed at least51 people and injured another six.The attack occurred as Ukrainian President Volodymorzelinskywas in Spain lobbying Western allies formore military assistance, including air defense.In a strongly worded report submitted to theUnited Nations Human Rights Council on Thursday, UN.Human rights experts have called forurgent reform of the US.Criminal justice system to combat what theysay is systemic racism and racial discriminationagainst people of African descent.At least 60 Syrians were killed and over 100wounded on Thursday when drone attacks struck a graduationceremony for army officers in the city of Holmes.After the attack, the government bombed townsin the rebel held province of Idlib.The number of casualties there is not known.And not far away us.F 16 fighter jets shot an armed Turkish droneout of the skies on Thursday over northeastern Syria,this after the drone flew too close to U. S.Troops on the ground.Future U. S.Funding for Ukraine was up in the air onThursday as the Biden administration discussed how best tosupport Kiev in its war against Russian invaders.Without a house speaker to bring Ukraineaid packages to a vote VOA’s.Pentagon correspondent Carla Babb has more.President Joe Biden meeting with his national security teamto discuss the military aid situation for Ukraine.With the US.Largely divided over funding to the war torn EasternEuropean country, biden plans to speak directly to theAmerican people in a speech emphasizing that supporting Ukraineis the right thing to do and. “  WWW.ARMINIC.COM  “ And the best strategy for US. Interest.It is the right thing to do, analystssay, because Russia violated Ukraine’s sovereignty as guaranteedunder international law and because Russia broke itsown agreement with Ukraine made in the 1990swhen Ukraine gave up its nuclear weapons inreturn for assurances that Russia would respect itsindependent pendants and protect it from nuclear attacks.Colin Cleary is an adjunct professor ofpolitical science at George Washington University.So they’re violating the essence of agreementsthat they’ve made, and that’s very dangerous.I mean, what is the nature of international relations?Agreements are not valid.Principles of the UN.Charter are not valid.We’re left with sort of the lawof the jungle, and it’s in US.Interest, officials say, because an expansion beyondUkraine into Poland would obligate U. S.Forces to defend Warsaw and spark a Third World war,officials say they are preventing that scenario with US.Military aid a whopping $48 billion so far,a sticker shock number to the average American,but less than 5% of the US.Military’s budget.Instead of fighting over eight amounts in theshort term, former officials say the US.Needs to think long term.Retired General Frank Mackenzie isthe former commander of U. S.Central Command.This is going to be a long war.We should maybe prepare now for another year ofthis fighting, and we should do the things thatwe can do to ensure that the next timethe Ukrainians launch an offensive, they’re going to beeven better prepared than they were now.The Pentagon can provide Ukraine up to$5.4 billion more in military aid underthe Presidential Drawdown Authority, which allows thePentagon to take from its own stockpiles.There’s $1.6 billion left to replenish the Pentagon’sweapons stockpiles and no money left to provideUkraine with long term security needs.Under the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, we haveenough funding to last for a bit longerfrom a Department of Defense standpoint, and you’llsee this next week at the Udcg.Secretary Austin remains singularly focused on making surethat we’re working with Ukraine and our alliesand partners to get what they need tobe successful in the battlefield.Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin will hostanother Ukraine defense contact group for Ukraine’sallies in Brussels next Wednesday.Carla Bab, VOA News, the Pentagon.From Washington.It’s VOA’s international edition.I’m Steve Carrish.More than 100,000 Russian citizens, many of them young people,have gone to Armenia to flee President Putin’s repression orto avoid being sent to fight in Ukraine.It’s an exile that many of them believedwas temporary but is starting to look permanent.Ricardo Marquinhev filed this reportfrom the Armenian capital Yerevan.It’s narrated for us by Elizabeth Chernoff.These Russian men and women meet in a culturalcenter in the Armenian capital to do something thatin Russia would land them in jail openly discussthe political model they want for a future Russia.Starting last year, thousands of Russianpolitical refugees arrived in Yerevan toescape Russia’s repressive climate.Integration in Armenia is relatively easy,since many Armenians speak Russian.The first arrivals were largely youngpeople with information technology professions thatallowed them to work remotely.The profile of those coming changed when itbecame clear that Russia’s full scale invasion ofUkraine would be prolonged and military conscription widened.Darina Mitzkaya coordinates a discussion group in theassociation supporting exiled Russians known as the ark.When the mobilization began, many men arrived of many ages,from 18 to 60 years old, since in Russia theycan take you to war no matter how old youare, and the vast majority of them were people whodid not have an it profession.One of the thousands of men who receiveda conscription order was Arson Omarov, a telecommunicationstechnician who was fired from Russian public televisionafter leaking documents in which he appeared tobe affiliated with the opposition leader Alexey navalny.After getting the conscription notice, he gothis motorcycle ready for the 2200 kilometerride from Moscow to Yerevan.My motorcycle had broken down.The engine was at home, thechassis and wheels in the garden.When I returned home from work, Irepaired it, put the engine in.At nightfall, I shined some lights on it so Icould work on it, and at dawn, I left.For those who fled Russia and left their jobsbehind, the fight is on for economic survival.But necessity breeds creativity, and this group of theaterartists work to put together the premiere of aplay that satirizes the Russian political structure.As a result of their work, they canraise their families in a new country.Working in Russia during a time ofwar, censorship and propaganda would not havebeen compatible with their moral positions.Sergey Selikov is a Moscow theater producer who fledto Armenia at the beginning of the war.I believe that in the context of the war, there wouldbe no space for cinema or theater in Russia, but thestate is spending a lot of money on it, and manypeople who did not work before now have jobs.However, I cannot work on theseprojects, which are almost all propaganda.For many Russians who have fled, the question isalways the same to return or not to return.Arsenal Marov believes he will never go back.Of course not while there is a war or while thesame people remain in power, returning is not an option.The war has pushed out many young Russians whooppose Putin’s policies, casting them across the Eurasia region,an entire generation forced to choose between what theysee as an unjust war and exile.For Ricardo Marquina in Yerevan, Armenia, elizabeth Chernoff VOANews uganda’s main opposition party, has released video ofits leader Bobby Wine being led away by securityagents who took him to his home after winearrived back in the country on Thursday.Reuters david doyle has more ugandan opposition leader BobbyWine was forced into a car by security agentsand driven home on Thursday as he returned froma trip abroad, his party has said.Video published on social media by the NationalUnity party showed Wine being led away afterdisembarking from a plane in Antebe.The action appeared intended toavoid a public spectacle.Police had said on Wednesday that anyone onthe streets to welcome Wine would be arrested.That followed calls from his partyfor a million strong march.Wine, a pop star whose legal name is RobertChagulani, is Uganda’s strongest political challenger to president YueriMiseveni, who has been in power since 1986.People power.Wine was runner up in a 2021 electionthat he said was marred by fraud.As we speak right now, I’m officially not inUganda because I did not go through migrations.They picked me illegally like you saw.And as we speak right now, I’m under house arrest becausemy house is know soldiers and police are all over.Police spokesperson Patrick Onyango said security agencieshad accompanied Wine to his home butdenied that he was under house arrest.He said the heavy security deploymentthere was for general security.Wine has been detained multiple times in thepast while leading protests that have been dispersedwith tear gas, rubber bullets and beatings.At least 54 people died in protests that eruptedin November 2020 ahead of the last presidential election.David Doyle of Reuters reporting.And finally today the old saying isthat diamonds are a girl’s best friend.However, following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, there’san effort to prevent diamonds from becomingRussian leader Vladimir Putin’s best friend.Russia is the world’s biggest producer of diamonds andthe G Seven group of nations is pushing fora ban on diamonds mind in Russia.  “  WWW.ARMINIC.COM  “  But as Henry Ridgewell reports, it’s going to bedifficult to stop them from entering the global market,which is worth $87 billion per year.About a third of the world’s diamonds are minedin Russia by the stateowned company alrosa profiting theKremlin by more than $1 billion annually.At the May g seven summit, membersdiscussed imposing a ban on Russian diamonds.Enforcing it won’t be easy, though.Almost all of the world’s diamonds are cut andpolished in the city of surat in India.Edan Golan is a diamond industry analyst.In the case of Russian rough diamonds, ifthey’re polished in India, from the standpoint ofAmerican regulations, those are Indian diamonds, and becauseof that, they are no longer Russian.The Kimberley process, enacted in 2000,introduced traceability for uncut diamonds toprevent the profits from fueling conflict.But it doesn’t apply to polisheddiamonds, and the system is flawed. Says Golan.The question was, how does the Kimberlyprocess address a parcel that will haverough diamonds from multiple origins?And the solution was, let’s just put down mixed.So now if you have a parcel that isentirely Russian diamonds, but one diamond in it comesfrom another country, now it’s a mixed parcel.Not everyone supports the proposed ban.A g seven delegation traveled to Indialast week to seek its cooperation.But New Delhi is skeptical.Says Golan, first of all, without Elrosa’sproduction, they’re going to be losing athird of the global production coming in.Secondly, they don’t want to join.India, in general, does not want to join sanctionson Russia because their global politics are different thanthose of the United States and Europe.The European Union in May outlined plans fora global tracing and enforcement system to cutRussia out of the market from 2024.Charles Michel, president of the European council, spoke ata press conference following the g seven summit.Russian diamonds are not forever.Under the EU’s plans, diamonds would be issued witha blockchain protected certificate of origin that could beinspected at trading hubs like Antwerp in Belgium.However, some fear the system could backfire.Professor Cohen van Denbemt is aneconomist at the university of Antwerp.Probably they will not pass through Antwerp anymore.This large trade will just move to Dubai andfrom Dubai to India, or directly to India.Typically countries, yes, that will not andprobably never impose sanctions on Russia.Other industry players are pushing for a lesstechnological, trust based certification system, which would makecompliance easier for smaller diamond mines in placeslike the democratic republic of Congo.Details of the g seven proposals are expectedto be outlined in the coming weeks.Henry Ridgewell, VWAY News, London.And that’s going to wrap it up for us today.This has been international editionon the voice of America.On behalf of everyone at VOA, thanks for joining us.For pictures, stories, videos, and more,follow Voainews on your favorite socialmedia platform and online@voainews.com.Until next time, I’m Steve Carrish in Washington.Stay safe and have a great day.Next, an editorial reflecting the viewsof the United States government.Over two and a half years ago, the militaryseized power in Burma in a bloody coup.The regime has left Burma in ruins, with fourout of five townships affected by armed clashes betweenthe military and those that oppose its rule.The results have been devastating, said USAID DeputyAdministrator Michael Schiffer in recent congressional testimony today,due to the military’s brutality, there are over1.9 million people displaced in Burma and nearly1 million refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand.The internally displaced communities are facing increasedthreats of violence from the military andfacing ongoing trauma due to a conflict,a bungled COVID response, epic mismanagement ofthe economy, high food prices, and frequentdisplacement that has severely impacted the copingmechanisms of the internally displaced communities.Through USAID, the United States has ledthe international community’s humanitarian response to Burmaand the Rohingya refugee crisis in Bangladeshby providing nearly $2.1 billion since 2017,said Deputy Administrator Schiffer.We deliver humanitarian assistance to thedisplaced, conflict, afflicted and other vulnerablegroups by leveraging our partnerships withhumanitarian organizations that deliver assistance tobeneficiaries based on verifiable need.And although at times this work has requiredengagement with governing authorities in Burma, said DeputyAdministrator Schiffer, we do so with humanitarian principlesfirst and foremost in mind.In Bangladesh, USAID supports emergency preparedness andresponse capacity of host communities in Cox’sBazaar district, including funding for humanitarian coordination,nutrition protection and risk management.USAID also provides emergency support to prodemocracy activists and ethnic support organizations, civilsociety leaders, journalists and human rights defenders,explained Deputy Administrator Schiffer.This ongoing assistance provides a critical safetynet and includes temporary safe houses, subsistenceliving expenses, emergency medical needs, digital andphysical security, legal aid, and psychosocial support,enabling individuals and entities to continue theirwork for a democratic future for Burma.The road ahead in Burma remainschallenging, warned Deputy Administrator Schiffer.Nevertheless, USAID remains committed to provide thepeople of Burma with the support theyneed during this cris prioritizing humanitarian assistance,civilian protection, including early warning and earlyresponse, and support for the development andgrowth of governance institutions to advance U. S.Policy objectives of a just, peaceful,inclusive, federal and democratic Burma.That was an editorial reflecting theviews of the United States government.